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本文主要对固定资产税金计算中存在的问题入手,继而阐述固定资产各种交易中所涉及的税种以及税金的计算步骤,目的在于揭示固定资产具体税种税金计算的过程。 相似文献
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沉井依靠自重消除刃脚阻力和外壁摩擦力下沉,本文对该项工艺的下沉、纠偏、挖土、封底主要技术问题进行介绍。 相似文献
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重金属复合污染红壤增施石灰石对黑麦草生长的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
利用两种剂量石灰石改良受重金属复合污染红壤的理化性质,使其PH值分别提高到4.67—4.93和6.19—6.73的范围。测定一年生黑麦草的生物量、重金属含量及土壤中重金属有效态含量,对黑麦草—土壤系统中重金属含量进行相关分析。实验说明,污染红壤增施石灰石能改善黑麦草的生长,当土壤PH值达6.0以上时,黑麦草的生长情况更好。有效态离子冲量是一种表征黑麦草—土壤中重金属含量的良好方法。 相似文献
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Z. Peeters D. Vos I.L. ten Kate F. Selch C.A. van Sluis D.Yu. Sorokin G. Muijzer H. Stan-Lotter M.C.M. van Loosdrecht P. Ehrenfreund 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
Halophilic archaea are of interest to astrobiology due to their survival capabilities in desiccated and high salt environments. The detection of remnants of salty pools on Mars stimulated investigations into the response of haloarchaea to martian conditions. Natronorubrum sp. strain HG-1 is an extremely halophilic archaeon with unusual metabolic pathways, growing on acetate and stimulated by tetrathionate. We exposed Natronorubrum strain HG-1 to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, similar to levels currently prevalent on Mars. In addition, the effects of low temperature (4, −20, and −80 °C), desiccation, and exposure to a Mars soil analogue from the Atacama desert on the viability of Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cultures were investigated. The results show that Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cannot survive for more than several hours when exposed to UV radiation equivalent to that at the martian equator. Even when protected from UV radiation, viability is impaired by a combination of desiccation and low temperature. Desiccating Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cells when mixed with a Mars soil analogue impaired growth of the culture to below the detection limit. Overall, we conclude that Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cannot survive the environment currently present on Mars. Since other halophilic microorganisms were reported to survive simulated martian conditions, our results imply that survival capabilities are not necessarily shared between phylogenetically related species. 相似文献
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D. Abplanalp P. Wurz L. Huber I. Leya E. Kopp U. Rohner M. Wieser L. Kalla S. Barabash 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009,44(7):870-878
The Polar Balloon Atmospheric Composition Experiment (P-BACE) is a new generation of neutral gas mass spectrometer based on the time-of-flight principle. P-BACE is the scientific experiment on the Mars Environment Analog Platform (MEAP) flown successfully on a balloon mission in summer 2008. The MEAP mission was flown with a 334,000 m3 helium balloon in the stratosphere on a semicircular trajectory from northern Sweden around the North Pole to Canada using the summer northern hemispheric wind current. The atmospheric conditions at an atmospheric altitude of 35–40 km are remarkably similar to those on the surface of Mars and thus the balloon mission was an ideal testbed for our mass spectrometer P-BACE. Originally this instrument was designed for in situ measurements of the chemical composition of the Martian atmosphere.P-BACE has a unique mass range from 0 to 1000 amu/q with a mass resolution m/Δm (FWHM) > 1000, and the dynamic range is at least six orders of magnitude. During this experiment, the acquisition of one mass spectrum is a sum of 65,535 single spectra, recorded in a time frame of 66 s.The balloon mission lasted 5 days and had successfully demonstrated the functionality of the P-BACE instrument during flight conditions. We had recorded more than 4500 mass spectra. With little modifications, P-BACE can be used on a planetary mission for Mars, but for example also for Venus or Mercury, if placed on a satellite. 相似文献
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A. Galli P. Wurz S. Barabash A. Grigoriev H. Gunell R. Lundin M. Holmström A. Fedorov 《Space Science Reviews》2006,126(1-4):267-297
We present measurements of energetic hydrogen and oxygen atoms (ENAs) on the nightside of Mars detected by the neutral particle
detector (NPD) of ASPERA-3 on Mars Express. We focus on the observations for which the field-of-view of NPD was directed at
the nightside of Mars or at the region around the limb, thus monitoring the flow of ENAs towards the nightside of the planet.
We derive energy spectra and total fluxes, and have compiled maps of hydrogen ENA outflow. The hydrogen ENA intensities reach
105 cm−2 sr−1 s−1, but no oxygen ENA signals above the detection threshold of 104 cm−2 sr−1 s−1 are observed. These intensities are considerably lower than most theoretical predictions. We explain the discrepancy as due
to an overestimation of the charge-exchange processes in the models for which too high an exospheric density was assumed.
Recent UV limb emission measurements (Galli et al., this issue) point to a hydrogen exobase density of 1010 m−3 and a very hot hydrogen component, whereas the models were based on a hydrogen exobase density of 1012 m−3 and a temperature of 200 K predicted by Krasnopolsky and Gladstone (1996). Finally, we estimate the global atmospheric loss
rate of hydrogen and oxygen due to the production of ENAs. 相似文献
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火星大气层的主要成分为二氧化碳,如果能够利用低温等离子体方法高效分解二氧化碳,使其转化为氧气和一氧化碳加以利用,可以大幅降低航天员生命保障相关载荷长途运输的成本,进一步提高生命保障能力。低温等离子体放电过程中会产生大量活性组分,可以在数百度温度下实现二氧化碳的高效解离,是具有很大潜力的二氧化碳解离与转化方式。设计了一种尺度在亚毫米级、功率输入为数瓦的直流微槽等离子体反应器,可以在较低气体温度下实现二氧化碳分解。测量了反应器电流、功率等放电参数,采用发射光谱确定了体系中激发态组分,分析了激发态粒子谱线强度随输入电压、稀释气体比例等反应器工作参数变化,利用氮气分子振转谱带测量了等离子体放电区振动温度和气体温度。研究表明,添加氩、氦、氮气均可以增强二氧化碳的分解,添加氦气可以促进二氧化碳的电离过程。稀释气体激发态因具有高能量,可以通过潘宁解离通道增强二氧化碳分解。氦组分激发态的能量高于二氧化碳电离能,可以促进二氧化碳的电离反应。微等离子体内存在强烈的振动 平动非平衡现象:振动温度约为4400~4800K,而气体温度仅为450 ~600K,表明可以通过合理的放电和结构设计,定向将能量注入到振动态,从而进一步促进二氧化碳的振动解离。 相似文献